Occurrence of oral neoplasms and dysplastic lesions: retrospective study of a pathology service over a 19-years period

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The epidemiological survey of the maxillofacial pathologies is of fundamental importance to prevention and treatment of these lesions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to collect and analyze histopathological reports of biopsies sent to the Pathology Department, School of Dentistry from EBMSP. METHODS: A retrospective study of biopsies realized from 2001 to 2019 was conducted and the diagnoses of oral neoplasms and epithelial dysplasias were collected and analyzed. Data related to sex and age of the patients, location of the lesions, and clinical and histopathological diagnosis were recovered. RESULTS: From the total of 3.068 biopsies received in this period, the oral neoplasms corresponded to 7,31% of this total. Patients of the female sex (55,3%) and individuals between 25 and 64 years of age (60,3%) were most affected by neoplasms. The most common diagnosis among benign neoplasms was the ameloblastoma (20,3%) and the squamous cells carcinoma (67,2%) was the most frequent diagnosis in the group of malignant neoplasms. The anatomical location most affected by the neoplasms was the jaw (36,7%). The epithelial dysplasias corresponded to 3,8% of the sample, with a higher occurrence in the male sex (50,8%) and the age group between 25 and 64 years (61%); the anatomical location most affected was the palate (22,8%), and the mild epithelial dysplasia (68,6%) was the most common diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The present study highlights the importance of the epidemiological surveys to prevention and treatment of the maxillofacial lesions and emphasizes the necessity of the appropriate filling out of biopsies files.