Physical-functional and cardiorrespiratory analysis of waiting list patients for the renal transplantation: cross-sectional study

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: For the treatment of chronic kidney disease patients require hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis while they wait for a kidney transplant waiting list. Despite advances in dialysis procedures, the patients who undergo this treatment have low physical condition and comorbidities that influence waiting time. OBJECTIVE: To describe the physical characteristics, anthropometric and cardiorespiratory of patients on the waiting list for renal transplantation, as well as to analyze the variables according to waiting list time and disease diagnosis time. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study submitted and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of UNIJUÍ, report No. 1.992.013. Eleven patients registered at Ijuí Charity Hospital were evaluated for data on kidney disease and its treatment, waiting list time, cardiovascular risk factors, lower limb muscle resistance, muscle strength respiratory and submaximal functional capacity. RESULTS: Eleven patients were evaluated: 54.5% female, average age 51.9 ± 11.4 years, 45.5% had hypertensive renal disease, diagnosis time of 84.0 (48.0-180.0) months, 90.9% underwent hemodialysis an average of 15.0 (8.0-41.0) months and were on the waiting list for 12.0 (6.0-32.0) months. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension and sedentary lifestyle. In sit and stand up test in a minute performed 17.0 (16.0-22.0) repetitions, maximum inspiratory pressure 62.0 (50.0-80.0) cmH₂O, maximum expiratory pressure 78.0 (64.0-99.0)  cmH₂O and walked 452.5 (416.1-503.2) meters in the walk test in six minutes. CONCLUSION: The patients registered on the waiting list in our study had a good physical functional and cardiorespiratory fitness. The time to diagnosis of renal disease was moderately and negatively correlated with maximal expiratory pressure. Waiting time did not correlate with lower limb muscle resistance, muscle strength respiratory and submaximal functional capacity.