Impact of functional capacity in mortality six months after high elderly in ICU

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Aging is a natural process of progressive reduction of the functional reserve of individuals and the factor that determines health of the elderly is the independence in their usual activities, which consists of their functionality and when affected by some disease tend to have a slower recovery , compared to young patients, due to the functional decline inherent in the senescence process, which may result in an increased risk of death. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of functional capacity on the mortality of the elderly after six months of discharge from the Intensive Care Unit. METHODS: This is an ambispective cohort study performed in an Intensive Care Unit of a large public hospital, located in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil in 2018. The sample consisted of elderly patients admitted to the ICU with age equal to or greater than 60 years, where the ICU Mobility Scales and Functional State Scale (FSS) were used to assess functional capacity on the day of ICU discharge and through telephone contact, the occurrence of death after 6 months of discharge. Patients with hemodynamic instability, cognitive disorder and those who did not have telephone contact were excluded. Statistical analysis of the continuous variables data were evaluated with measures of central tendency and dispersion, categorical variables evaluated with frequency measures and to relate the functional capacity and mortality was used the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test with the use of SPSS software. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 30 patients, most of them male patients (60.0%), with a mean age of 68.0 (± 6.7 years), with a predominantly clinical diagnostic profile (70, 0%), mean hospitalization time of 3.2 (± 1.8) days, functional capacity measured by the functional status scale (FSS) of the discharge of 29.3 (± 8.5) and the mobility scale in ICU discharge of 8.8 (± 2.6). Of the patients initially evaluated, 08 (21.1%) were excluded due to the impossibility of contact by telephone after discharge, having completed the study with 30 patients, of these 11 (28.9%), died within six months after discharge from the ICU. CONCLUSIONS: The functional status of elderly patients at discharge from the ICU is related to a higher mortality rate in six months after surgery. discharge from the intensive care unit.