Impact of COVID-19 on the gravity and prognosis of individuals with obesity: a systematic review

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: A marked proportion of patients with obesity has insulin resistance and hyperactivity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which may be related to the worse results caused by SARS-CoV 2. In addition, the angiotensin 2-converting enzyme has greater expression in adipose tissue when compared to the lung, being susceptible to the entry of the virus in the adipocytes making it an important viral reservoir allowing the spread to too many organs. OBJECTIVE: To identify whether obesity can be a more serious predictor and worse prognosis for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic review under the code CRD42020200617 with observational studies through the PubMed databases, the VHL Regional Portal, SciELO, Science Direct and Cochrane, and manual searches using the “Prognosis” OR “Patient Acuity” AND “ Coronavirus Infections " AND " Obesity ". Observational studies that assess the impact of COVID-19 in common with obesity of both sexes that assess a score ?7 on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale were included. RESULTS: 9 studies were included, totaling a sample of 179,047 adult patients aged 18 to 80 years, with a minimum BMI <24 kg / m2 and a maximum> 35 kg / m2. It was found that with obesity, he wishes to present an increase in the admission rates for acute and mandatory care, invasive mechanical necessity IMV), pneumonia and develop severe COVID-19, thus increasing their hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Individuals with obesity develop greater severity and worse prognosis for COVID-19, since there is an increase in admission rates for acute and mandatory care, need for IMV, length of hospital stay, severity and lethality.