Non-invasive prophylactic ventilation, outcomes and their impacts - a systematic review

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Noninvasive Ventilation Prophylactic (NIVP) is a modality of NIV applied to patients who have planned extubation but has a high risk of failure. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe and analyze populations favored by NIVP, impacts and outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this, essays were searched in the Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases with the following inclusion criteria: publication in the last 20 years, written in English, Spanish or Portuguese; age ? 18 years; mechanical ventilation ? 48 hours; and compare NIVP with standard therapy. Exclusion criteria: NIVP < 4 hours and intermittent NIVP. RESULTS: Eight studies were resulted. The outcomes were: reintubation, Respiratory Failure Post Extubation (RFPE), mortality and ICU permanence. Relevant features extracted: use of rescue NIV, PaCO2 levels, maximal inspiratory pressure and rapid superficial respiration index. Studies report that the application of NIVP in a heterogeneous population reduces the risk of developing RFPE, but there seems to be no consistency regarding reintubation, ICU mortality, permanence in the ICU and hospital. These markers were presented through controversial results among the reviewed studies. In lung disease specifically, NIPV seems to have no direct impact on reintubation and ICU stay. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible conclude that the present studies differ on the use of NIPV to prevent major outcomes such as reintubation and mortality, even in lung disease, but its use in preventing RFPE is positive. Therefore, studies in populations with better predisposition to successful extubation are necessary to prove the efficacy of NIPV.