Atualização: sarcopenia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17267/2238-2704rpf.v11i4.4139Palavras-chave:
Sarcopenia, Composição corporal, Força muscularResumo
OBJETIVO: Fazer uma atualização da revisão de literatura sobre sarcopenia publicada em 2014 nesta revista. De acordo com o Consenso do Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2), a sarcopenia foi redefinida como uma doença muscular, caracterizada pela redução da força muscular, associada à diminuição da qualidade/quantidade muscular e/ou desempenho físico, sendo classificada como primária, secundária, aguda e crônica. Além de consequências físicas como aumento da ocorrência de quedas e limitação para atividades cotidianas, pode promover alterações sistêmicas pelo desequilíbrio entre síntese e degradação proteica. A prevalência aumenta com a idade, sendo mais alta a partir de 60 anos. Estudos em seis países encontraram prevalência entre 4,6% e 22,1%, havendo oscilação de valores conforme definições utilizadas; métodos diagnósticos; bem como, os pontos de corte para índice de massa muscular. Como estratégia para refinar a detecção do risco da sarcopenia, o EWGSOP2 sugere aplicação do questionário SARC-F. Para mensuração da variável massa muscular, os métodos recomendados são Ressonância Magnética, Tomografia Computadorizada, Absorciometria de Raio-X de Dupla Energia, Bioimpedância Elétrica e Antropometria, existindo acurácias e custos variáveis entre eles. Na aferição da força muscular, a principal forma de mensuração é a força de preensão palmar. Já o desempenho físico pode ser quantificado através do teste de velocidade de marcha de quatro metros. As formas de tratamento são treino de exercícios de resistência progressiva e aeróbicos, além de uma nutrição adequada. O estilo de vida sedentário, obesidade e fragilidade são fatores desencadeantes de perda de massa e função muscular no ambiente clínico.Downloads
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Copyright (c) 2021 Bruno Prata Martinez, Fernanda Warken Rosa Camelier , Nívia Giullia de Sales e Santos, Laís Vasconcelos Martins da Costa , Lindanor Gomes Santana Neta, Joselita Moura Sacramento, Aquiles Assunção Camelier
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Esta obra está licenciada com uma Licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional.
